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...Germany. Munich's once-orgiastic Fasching, for instance, has dwindled to a single parade and a few tame costume balls. One area where the annual urge to let it all hang out is as strong as ever is the Rhineland with its century-old tradition of blowing off steam as a form of political expression. Last week TIME Correspondent Chris Byron joined the Rhineland revelers and sent this report...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: GERMANY: Letting Go | 3/11/1974 | See Source »

Intense subterranean heat turns the water to steam, which then escapes to the surface through natural fissures. The plant's owner, Pacific Gas & Electric Co., harnesses the steam to drive generator-turbines and sends the electricity 85 miles to San Francisco...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: TECHNOLOGY: Steam from the Earth | 3/4/1974 | See Source »

Making the prediction come true will require technological breakthroughs. Of the three different types of geothermal resources, only one can be easily tapped: the geologic formations producing steam as at The Geysers...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: TECHNOLOGY: Steam from the Earth | 3/4/1974 | See Source »

Subterranean reservoirs filled with superheated water or brine - not steam - are much more common, but rights to them are selling for as low as $1 an acre. Since exploration techniques are still rudimentary, the best way to get at the hot water is to drill and pray for success. Sinking a 5,000-ft. well costs about $125,000. If a driller hits, he still can be disappointed by the mixture of steam and briny water that hisses to the surface. Sometimes it is too cool to use efficiently; often it is laden with minerals and impurities that "crud...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: TECHNOLOGY: Steam from the Earth | 3/4/1974 | See Source »

...earth's surface. In theory, engineers can sink twin wells as deep as 20,000 feet to the hot underlying rock and then fracture it. Clean water, pumped down one hole, would be heated by the broken-up magma and would return up the other well as steam...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: TECHNOLOGY: Steam from the Earth | 3/4/1974 | See Source »

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