Word: sovietization
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Dates: during 1930-1930
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Lena's Choice. The German thus smackingly snubbed is Herr Professor Doktor Otto Stutzer. Early this year he was peacefully lecturing upon metallurgy to beer-drowsy students at the University of Freiburg. He read in the papers of disputes, ever more violent, between Lena Ltd. and the Soviet Government over operating details of the concession. Gradually the rupture grew so wide as to demand arbitration. Thereupon, under Article 90 of the Lena Goldfields Concession Agreement of 1925, the Soviet Government chose a panel of six German professors, and Lena made ready to pick one of these as chairman...
...Lena Ltd. informed the Soviet Gov ernment by telegraph that working condi tions in the gold fields had been made in tolerable and impossible by the interference and oppression of Soviet officials and. secret police. In these circumstances Lena wired that she was cancelling the powers of attorney of her representatives in Rus sia, withdrawing all her Occidental representatives from the country, and would await the decision of the Arbitral Board upon what must inevitably be the final winding up of the concession...
...Promptly the Soviet Government replied by wire that the essence of the concession had been that both parties must continue to play their roles under the document until released from this obligation by some act of the Arbitral Board. Since Lena had started to withdraw before the Board met she had, declared the Soviet telegram, completely ruptured and destroyed the concession agreement including of course its machinery of arbitration. Therefore the Arbitral Board had become a nullity, and as it had ceased to exist the Soviet Government could not and would not send any representative to sit with Dr. Stutzer...
...Implacable Hostility." This Soviet view was not concurred in by the German and the Englishman. They plainly regarded it as a mere subterfuge. Holding that the original concession had not been destroyed, and therefore that its arbitration machinery remained valid, they pointed to Article 90. It plainly provides that if one of the disputant parties shall fail to send a representative to the Arbitral Board then a unanimous decision of the Chairman and the representative of the other party shall be binding upon both disputants. This was the unanimous decision of two that the German and the Englishman made last...
...their decision the arbiters did not mince words, betrayed thoroughgoing exasperation with Soviet logic, methods, conduct. With frank partiality they expressed the opinion that the "friendliness" of the Soviet authorities to Lena in 1925 had changed gradually until it became in the last months of 1929 "implacable hostility." Reason: according to the Board the inception of Soviet Dictator Josef Stalin's famed Five Year Plan of Russian self-industrialization (TIME, June 9) rendered any such capitalist company as Lena "radically incongruous" in Soviet Russia. In terminating the concession (already terminated months ago in fact by the Soviet Government...