Word: social
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...Naef counters that Coates' results from the saliva of male traders need not be inconsistent with his own findings. "In the highly competitive arena of trading, high profits lead to social recognition, fueling risky behavior," he explains, while in his experiment, cooperative behavior led to social recognition. What's more, it's impossible to know whether traders engaged in risky behavior because of high levels of testosterone, or whether their testosterone levels became elevated because of their risk-taking. "I think the bottom line is that the picture surrounding testosterone is very complex," Naef says, "but we certainly have...
...some college classroom about the intricacies of indigenous clan-systems. If the Pentagon has its way, though, more anthropologists will exchange their tweed for military fatigues and leave the halls of academe for the front lines. For the past two years, the U.S. military has embedded anthropologists and other social scientists with American troops in order to improve the Army's cultural IQ. But last week the American Anthropological Association (AAA) released a report coming out strongly against the program, saying that in both concept and application, it "can no longer be considered a legitimate professional exercise of anthropology...
...Since 2007, the Pentagon's Human Terrain System (HTS) has been placing social scientists in every Army combat brigade, regiment and Marine Corps regimental combat team. There are now more than 500 people employed by HTS, a number that is increasing rapidly. On the ground in Iraq and Afghanistan, their job is to gather information and provide commanders with a greater understanding of the local population, reducing the need for lethal force by helping the Army determine the needs of the community, according to Steve Fondacaro, the project manager at HTS. Secretary of State Robert Gates has publicly praised...
...violates its code of ethics - a sort of Hippocratic oath in which anthropologists vow to do no harm. Two years ago, the AAA condemned the HTS program, but this month's 72-page report goes into much greater detail about the potential for the military to misuse information that social scientists gather. Some anthropologists involved in the report say it's already happening. David Price, a professor of anthropology at St. Martin's University in Washington state and one of the co-authors of the AAA report, says the Army appears to be using the anthropological information to better target...
...waiting to be sent to Iraq through HTS, says the AAA's decision to attack the program will ultimately put more lives in danger by undermining the organization's ability to provide guidance and dissuading top talent from joining. So far, HTS has struggled to bring in topflight social scientists with regional knowledge. "It hurts HTS and the people downrange like the American soldiers and the locals who depend on the rational analysis that anthropology brings," Wintersteen says. In his training class of about 50 people, there were only about 13 social scientists, five with Ph.D.s - many of the others...