Word: sinkiang
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Among Peking's suffering subjects, special torments are visited on those who live in Red China's own Wild West, the twice-Texas-sized, rugged but rich Sinkiang province. On one side it abuts Russian Kazakhstan, on the other Tibet, to which it is linked by the disputed Ladakh Road through Indian-occupied Kashmir. In Sinkiang as in neighboring Tibet, the Chinese are an invading minority. Half a million Chinese are outnumbered by 4,500,000 hard-riding, xenophobic Moslem herdsmen, the Uighurs and Kazakhs, who pledge friendship by daubing their foreheads with lamb's blood...
With only 65,000 Uighur and Kazakh party members today, the Chinese Communists from the beginning relied not on persuasion but on the People's Liberation Army to lead Sinkiang through what the party called its "difficult period of rehabilitation." In that difficult period, landowners were dispossessed and shot, tight food rationing imposed and 12,000 "incorrigibles" shunted into six big forced-labor camps near Kuldja, Nilki and Kunes...
...India's North-East Frontier Agency (NEFA) was seized; Indian patrols were taken prisoner; Nehru made the shamefaced admission that he had kept secret from Parliament the fact that the Chinese two years before had built a road through Indian territory linking Tibet and the Chinese province of Sinkiang...
...Moscow to report that Russian reactions to China's "great leap forward" varied between "awe and anxiety." The vast geographical vacuum between the two countries is being competitively filled-by Khrushchev's reclamation of the Central Asian "virgin lands," and by China's intensive colonization of Sinkiang province, once a Soviet zone of influence. When Britain's Sam Watson forecast to Khrushchev that the Chinese would one day flood either north into Siberia or south into Australia, Khrushchev's reply was: "I'm all in favor of Australia...
...waiting and hoping for is a fullscale, Hungarian-style uprising. He wants to be ready to support it-as the West was not ready to support Hungary. Says he: "The Hungarian type of revolt is not only possible in the future, it has been happening increasingly in Sinkiang, Tibet, Chinhai and on the borders of Yunnan and Szechwan . . . The time will come for a national revolution against Communism...