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Research published in Thursday's issue of the journal Nature suggests that the cloned ewe named Dolly could be -- as an observer once joked -- a sheep in lamb's clothing. The three-year-old Finn Dorset ewe, it turns out, may be susceptible to premature aging. Researchers have determined that chromosome tips, known as telomeres, which regulate the lifespan of cells by preventing their genetic code from fraying, are shorter than expected in Dolly. Researchers are not sure whether the "older DNA" is the result of the age of the animal from which Dolly was cloned or the result...
...with the first copy, but also what you might get with copies of copies. There is no indication yet that Dolly will die prematurely -- the shortened telomeres may have lessened her cells' genetically-programmed maximum lifespan; however, this may still be longer than the 13 years a sheep usually lives. On the other hand, could the older cells be more susceptible to disease? Researchers are eager to answer these questions...
Cloning farm animals from embryos is pretty easy; cattle breeders have been doing it for years. Cloning from full-grown mammals is more difficult, but in the two years since Dolly showed that it was possible, scientists have managed to clone other sheep, mice and even cows, starting with a variety of adult donor tissue. Last week Japanese scientists unveiled what may be the most painless way yet to clone a cow: they produced two healthy Holstein calves from their mother's milk...
...cows were cloned using residual mammary cells found in the yellowish foremilk, or colostrum, produced when a cow gives birth. Scientists from Tokyo-based Snow Brand Milk Products gathered up some of these cells and gave them the Dolly-the-sheep treatment: transplanting their DNA into hollowed-out eggs and inserting the resulting embryos into the wombs of surrogate cows. Mammary cells were also used to produce Dolly, but they were scraped from the udder of an adult sheep. The Japanese scientists believe their kinder, gentler technique will make it easier to clone high-milk-yielding "supercows" by reducing...
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