Word: shahs
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...been split into small-acreage plots by revolutionary farm workers, and production has dropped. Elsewhere in the countryside, farmers have grabbed land belonging to "feudal lords." Ironically, some feudal families, in the name of the revolution, have forcibly reclaimed land that had been distributed to peasant farmers during the Shah's reign. To reduce urban unemployment, the new regime is pressing a "return to the village" policy, hoping to send back to the farms some of the millions of peasants who migrated to cities during the past generation...
...significant change that the revolution brought to Iran has been the altered role of the armed forces. Like so many of the Shah's monuments-the industrial complexes that now stand idle, the telecommunications system that no longer works flawlessly-the army has found its role curtailed. In November, when the central government fought off a thrust for autonomy by Kurdish rebels, it did so by sending to Kurdistan a specially formed division made up of army and air force units. Why not a regular army division? Either because the army did not have a unit that was deemed...
...were over, a few sobbed as they embraced the visitors and then headed back to the cubicles in which they have been held for eight weeks. All the while, thousands of young Iranians stood outside in the first snow of the season, chanting the familiar slogans: "Death to the Shah! Death to Carter...
After the four clergymen left Iran, the Ayatullah's Revolutionary Council considered dropping its plans for an international grand jury to investigate U.S. activities in Iran during the 25-year rule of Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi. The tribunal is intended by the Iranians to arrive at a predetermined verdict: condemnation of the Shah and of the U.S. But some Western diplomats believe that Khomeini would then order the release of the hostages...
...Afghanistan's new Soviet-sponsored strongman, Babrak Karmal, toppling governments is old hat. In 1973, as parliamentary leader of the pro-Moscow Parcham wing of the Communist People's Democratic Party, he helped to plot the overthrow of King Mohammed Zahir Shah by Mohammed Daoud. Five years later, he blithely joined in the subsequent plot that ousted Daoud's regime. For that purpose, Karmal had aligned himself with his bitter political rival, Noor Mohammed Taraki, leader of the more radical Khalq faction of the P.D.P., who set himself up as President. But the alliance between...