Word: schools
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...scrapes that the girls have at school here quite eclipse all our fun in the Parks...
...necessary in every community for the good of the majority, and in making laws the good of the mass, and not the individual interest, must be consulted. It is for this reason that no one thinks of objecting to the law that all the citizens must pay a school-tax, whether they have children and are benefited by the schools, or not. So in our little community it is not the good of a few that must be looked after, but that of the largest number of the students. We are compelled to attend prayers and recitations, but the right...
PUBLIC instruction in France, of which I tried in my former letter to make you understand the organization, and which we saw centralized in the University, is divided into three branches or degrees. The first degree is called Primary instruction, and includes the communale schools; the second, Secondary instruction, embraces the Colleges and Lyceums; and the third, the Superior instruction, is given in the Faculties. Remark that I do not speak of education in general. In point of fact, you must not suppose that at the side of this instruction, given and entirely controlled by the state, there exist...
...These schools correspond nearly to what are called in America common schools. Children there learn the elements of education necessary to every man, in whatever condition of life. Reading, writing, a little notion of French grammar, of arithmetic, French history, and geography, of church history and religion, - such are the elements of the instruction. Every commune must have its schools, - one for boys and one for girls, but generally entirely distinct. Mixed schools are very rare in France, while with you young men and girls to the age of fourteen or fifteen, and sometimes older, go to the same school...
Before becoming instructor in a school, one is usually obliged to procure what is called a certificate of capacity. Two or three times a year a commission appointed by the academical council is convened in the principal town of a department, for the purpose of examining candidates and conferring this certificate. When an individual has obtained it, he can be appointed to any vacant post; but it is the government that appoints him. The communes have no voice in the selection of the men to whom their children are intrusted. They have only to provide his salary, furnish a suitable...