Word: richmond
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Behind the massive walnut desk in Richmond's proud, Ionic-fronted Capitol, designed by Thomas Jefferson in 1785, sat florid, heavy-shouldered J. (for James) Lindsay Almond Jr., 66th Governor of Virginia in the line of Jefferson, Patrick Henry, James Monroe, John Tyler and Harry Flood Byrd. He had, he admitted, been under "continuous pressure." Just the night before, he and his wife had been awakened several times by telephone calls: "She'd jump up so I could get some sleep, and I jumped up so she could get some rest. Usually, it meant that both...
...against any sort of integration. And in July, Byrd met secretly in Washington with top organization lieutenants to chart the course for a massive resistance program that-in the name of states' rights-would rip all authority out of the hands of local communities and arrogate it to Richmond...
With such proof of recovery before it, the FRB last week continued tightening credit, gave the New York, Cleveland, Richmond and St. Louis Federal Reserve Banks permission to up the discount rate from 1¼% to 2%, continuing the upward move initiated by the San Francisco Reserve Bank (TIME, Aug. 25). The earlier rises brought no change in the prime rate (i.e., the interest charged customers with blue-chip credit), which is set by New York banks that make 20% of bank loans to business. But as soon as the New York Federal Reserve Bank raised its discount rate...
...South last week, as it had been through plantation growth, secession, civil war, surrender, reconstruction and recovery, states' rights was the legalistic bond that held most Southerners together. "We live in a federated system," said Virginia's courtly Governor J. Lindsay Almond Jr. in Richmond, "in which the Federal Government has no powers other than those delegated by the states." "It must be remembered," said Arkansas' rabblerousing Governor Orval Faubus in Little Rock, "that the Federal Government is the creature of the states . . We must either choose to defend our rights or else surrender...
Massive Resistance. In Richmond, Governor Almond, 60, able lawyer, onetime Commonwealth attorney general, big wheel in the machine of U.S. Senator Harry Byrd, was the man who struck the South's first blow. He sent state troopers out of the capital to Norfolk, Charlottesville, Arlington, Prince Edward County, with a tough message warning the school boards not to assign Negroes to white schools under current pressure from federal courts. Was his message a warning, above all, to the Norfolk school board not to carry out its announced intention of assigning 17 Negroes to white schools? Said Almond: "Precisely that...