Word: proletariat
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...economically foundering country would bother with artists or art schools. The U.S.S.R. did so after the Revolution, thanks to two circumstances that hold true in no modern capitalist state. Print was thinly spread among the masses, radio almost unheard of and there was no television. Moreover, most of the proletariat was not only illiterate, but steeped in the tradition of the icon. So ideological control of static visual images was necessary to the party. One might even say that the Russian avant-garde was the last group of artists to work in a society where painting and, to a lesser...
...Convalescent, who stands opening a boiled egg in a kind of reverential silence, like a secular descendant of Georges de la Tour's saints, is not a representative of the class war; the efforts of some historians to see Chardin's servants as emblems of an oppressed proletariat on the eve of the French Revolution are simply beside the point. A sense of social precariousness is the last thing one could expect to meet in a Chardin; indeed, one can hardly imagine him working without the conviction that his way of life was immutable-that there would always...
...repression. The activists belong to a group that publishes a clandestine journal called Inquiry. Protesting the arrest of its own editor, Wei Jingsheng, 29, the journal complained: "Where is freedom of speech in China? All criticism is fiercely suppressed as contrary to socialism and to the dictatorship of the proletariat. What brutal hypocrisy!" A wall poster responding to Deng's speech sneered that he and his Politburo cronies were "successors and followers" of the Gang of Four-the clique headed by Mao's widow Jiang Qing (Chiang Ch'ing)-who had been Deng's most bitter...
Both the Peking Daily and the Worker's Daily have attacked the posters' call for human rights as "a slogan of the bourgeoisie and not of the proletariat." A front-page editorial in the Peking Daily contained one of the most ferocious assaults on capitalism to appear in China in several months. Said the paper: "Capitalist society is a mercenary slave system, involving police persecution, suicides, prostitution and so on." The Daily also castigated "certain young comrades" for their "lack of patriotism" in "begging for the support of imperialism in their espousal of human rights...
...only liberals but self-proclaimed "radicals" equate China's invasion of Vietnam with Vietnam's military conflict with Cambodia. For liberals and pacifists all invasions are equal. Not so for Marxists What is key for usin an analysis of the class forces involved. We are partisans of the proletariat and defend their interests against those of the bourgeoisie. As Trotskyists, we understand that what is at the root of the conflict between Vietnam and Cambodia is the rival nationalism inherent in all Stalinist bureaucracies. The Stalinist "theory" of "Socialism in One Country" has in practice meant selling out workers struggles...