Word: progressiveness
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...Supreme Court's Brown v. Board of Education case. Had reform ended there, the Thernstroms say, the American people would have done away with de facto segregation themselves, in the natural course of events and without racial animosity. Instead, Congress and the court were swayed by the slow progress of school desegregation and the alarms of the Kerner report. Forced busing and affirmative action were mandated, accelerating not just white flight but also a whole raft of policies that didn't help blacks and sometimes hurt...
...other point of view that is most vexing about the Thernstroms' book," writes Edley. "The authors seem focused on readers who already agree with them. What contribution does this make? Doesn't it simply equip partisans with juicy quotations to score points?" And the book begs the question: If progress really is so great, why don't blacks believe it? Even those blacks who are high achievers are bitter about the racism they face (as witnesses another compelling book, Ellis Cose's The Rage of a Privileged Class, published in 1994). A recent poll for the New Yorker found that...
This connection is lost on Stephan and Abigail Thernstrom, who choose to magnify gains blacks have made and minimize the sizable gaps that remain. Black progress has been neglected, they tell us, while poverty, unemployment, welfare dependency and crime have been exaggerated in order to feed "the mix of black anger and white shame and guilt that sustains the race-based social policies implemented since the late 1960s...
...task is daunting, but even as Stephan and Abigail Thernstrom's new book upends liberal dogma on racial progress, several other white authors, all liberals to some degree, are making their own fresh attempts to grapple with America's racial dilemma--specifically, with the equivocal attitudes of whites toward African Americans. Unfortunately, none of them offers much in the way of innovative prescriptions...
...nation has 100 million phone lines, second only to the U.S. Just two years ago, officials said they hoped to hit 50 million phone lines by the year 2000. Now they're expecting to surpass the U.S.'s 160 million as the millennium rolls in. This is especially remarkable progress, given where the Chinese started. As recently as 1985, for example, the eastern city of Nanjing had just four nonbusiness phone lines. And the 100 million lines are really just the start: the plan calls for 600 million by 2020. American firms such as AT&T and SPRINT are waiting...