Word: programming
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Dates: during 1980-1980
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...rounds of the key states, he acted a bit like Santa Claus distributing gifts. During a swing to Niagara Falls, he announced federal grants to remove dangerous nuclear waste in upstate New York and to relocate the anxious residents of the Love Canal. Carter also revealed a new program to aid the ailing steel industry. Ahead of schedule, he announced the Administration plans to award $150 million in urban-development grants to economically depressed cities; there will be $200 million from the Transportation Department for buses, $300 million for farmers who have suffered damage in the drought...
...generally must have been convicted of at least one felony and be charged either with a violent crime or with an offense, like armed robbery, where there is a threat of serious personal injury. There is never any shortage of candidates. Chief Criminal Judge Richard Fitzgerald, who oversees the program, estimates that 65% of the convicts in Illinois prisons are repeat offenders...
...Chicago program is one of a hundred or so set up across the U.S. in recent years in response to studies showing that a relatively few hard-core criminals are responsible for a disproportionate amount of crime. The first was New York City's major offense bureau (MOB) in The Bronx district attorney's office, which began in 1973. MOB'S success inspired the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA) to invest $30 million of federal money in 50 similar projects over a five-year period starting in 1975. Since then, 10,000 criminals who committed a total...
...notion sounds abstract. But the study cites successful work by the Institute for the Advancement of Philosophy for Children. Founded by Professor Matthew Lipman of Montclair State College in New Jersey, the institute offers a reading and discussion program that teaches the fundamentals of logic to schoolchildren as early as the fifth grade. The text for the program contains stories about young "Harry Stottlemeier" (Lipman's transliteration of Aristotle), who playfully makes discoveries about syllogistic major premises and unsnarls faulty logic like the following: "All minnows are fish; all sharks are fish; therefore, all minnows are sharks...
Fifteen schools in Bethlehem, Pa., are among those using Lipman's program. Apparently students enjoy it. Teachers say the work has taught children to define their terms and has improved spoken and written performance generally. While the Bethlehem school board is awaiting a formal evaluation of Lipman's program, Elementary Principal A. Thomas Kartsotis, 46, observes: "We see a lot of new programs come and go. I think this one's going to last...