Word: premiums
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Graduate school is professional school. The purely graduate seminars put a premium upon original, creative scholarship and technical ability. In these higher level seminars there is no place for the most intrepid undergraduate. The English and History Departments have already tightened the Ph.D. requirements, in an effort to give the GSAS student a more concentrated and individualized professional training. The Government Department, too, is in the process of revising its program. But whereas graduate training is made more rigorous on its higher levels, the conference courses remain static. Although both graduates and undergrads are nominally subject to the same requirements...
...build up its nickel supply during World War II, the U.S. signed at least 28 long-term purchase contracts for nickel, now is trying to wiggle out of every one of them, because there is a nickel glut. The U.S. estimates that it has lost $31 million by paying premium prices for nickel, stands to lose $124 million if it honors all its contracts...
...note carefully: this was the old asserting its youthfulness, and youth had to fight back to maintain its right to be young. Today, of course, every young man strives to gain maturity before his time. But when hearts were light in summer's season, youthfulness was at a premium, and carried no generation's brand. Common property, it had to be defended to be possessed...
...recession only made chronic trouble acute. Memories of dead or departed auto companies-Hudson, Packard, Kaiser-Frazer-remind Detroiters that trouble in the auto industry can have something to do with bad management. "You know," says a businessman, "when we were the arsenal of democracy, there was a great premium put on inefficiency of operation. The more payroll a company had, the more profit it would make on the cost-plus arrangement. And when the war ended, there was tremendous pent-up demand for what Detroit could produce, and wartime business became even bigger." A University of Michigan economist recently...
...efforts," said Clayton, "is an understandable human impulse to choke off competition, and protect prices and profits. Nevertheless, such attempts should be understood for what they are, and defeated. The U.S. has always prospered by using the cheapest available fuels." In the future, such fuel will be at a premium, as consumption keeps rising. "We should never forget that the U.S. has only about 20% of the proven oil reserves of the world, whereas we are consuming over half of the present production of oil in the world...