Word: placebo
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...body's 24-hour clock out of whack, according to the study's lead author, James Wyatt, while mimicking the off-hour sleep-wake cycle that shift workers and jet-lagged travelers often struggle with. Every "night" of the study, the subjects were given either melatonin or a placebo 30 min. before bedtime...
Here's another twist that doesn't usually get emphasized: although the data supporting the health benefits of moderate alcohol consumption are strong, they are almost entirely from epidemiological studies, not the large, randomized, placebo-controlled trials that are the gold standard of science. Epidemiological studies are very good at identifying possible trends and associations, but they are not designed to prove cause and effect. That's not necessarily a problem. No one has ever done a randomized trial of smoking, yet it clearly causes cancer. On the other hand, it was on the basis of good epidemiological evidence that...
...researcher of the study. Testing men and proscribing the results to women ignores “real differences between men and women,” he said. Researchers monitored nearly 40,000 women for 10 years, comparing those given low doses of aspirin with those taking a placebo, according to the study. The study found that the risk of heart attack in women is largely unaffected by the drug, except in women over the age of 65, who experience both a reduction in the risk of strokes and of heart attacks. The risk of stroke, however, was 17 percent lower...
...These latest studies, which are part of the giant U.S. Women's Health Initiative, are not likely to be contradicted anytime soon. Investigators tested the benefits of calcium and vitamin D in the most scientifically rigorous way possible?with a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial...
...Born In-flight comfort with an internet connection in every seat Take a Hike Destinations to restore your sense of wonder are not likely to be contradicted anytime soon. Investigators tested the benefits of calcium and vitamin D in the most scientifically rigorous way possible - with a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. But there are still some quirks in the data. More than half the participants were also on hormone therapy, which is known to increase bone density. Moreover, most of the studies' subjects were already getting more calcium and vitamin D from their diet than the average American woman...