Word: pius
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...Belief in infallibility evolved later, and has been defined dogma only since Vatican Council I a century ago (see box). Drawing on Catholic historians, Kűng claims that infallibility as propounded by Vatican I had less to do with the church's desire to preserve doctrine than Pius IX's desire to increase his authority at a time when he was blatantly lobbying to maintain a weakening grip on the Papal States...
...moonfaced, high-voiced claimant of the papal tiara is a former Roman Catholic priest who was defrocked by Pius XII in 1951 for founding, without permission, an order called the Apostles of Infinite Love. In 1960, says Collin, the Virgin of Fatima told the local bishop that the next Pope would be called Clement XV. The bishop told the Vatican, Collin says...
...preside over Paradise, and this he shared with Michael. The resonant titles of the Archangel Michael read like a blast on the horn of resurrection: chief of the order of virtues, chief of archangels, prince of the presence, angel of repentance, righteousness, mercy, sanctification . . . and, by decree of Pope Pius XII in 1950, the patron angel of policemen. In painting, his main roles were two: driving the rebel angels down to Hell (Michael replaced the fallen Lucifer as chief angel of Heaven) and weighing the souls of the dead, as in Memling's Last Judgment, for virtue...
...such cultural accommodation. A century-long controversy developed around the "rites" issue-whether or not Chinese Christian converts could be permitted to retain their cult of ancestor veneration. When the Vatican finally decided against the Confucian rites, Catholic hopes in China shrank. Not until World War II did Pope Pius XII reverse that decision. When Pope Paul VI spoke admiringly of "the cult of ancestors" in his "Message to Asia" last week, it was a gesture more than two centuries too late...
Died. Benedetto Cardinal Aloisi Masella, 91, oldest member of the Sacred College of Cardinals, who served as a papal nuncio in Chile and Brazil for 27 years, then acted briefly as chief executive of the Vatican interim administration after the deaths of Pope Pius XII in 1958 and Pope John XXIII in 1963; of kidney disease; in Rome...