Word: orthodox
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...traditional path of advancement for non-Wasps (half of Post Office workers in the large cities are Negroes), the prestigious departments, such as State, are still run by Wasps. Congress is a Wasp stronghold: the newly elected one consists of 109 Catholics, 19 Jews, 10 Negroes, 3 Greek Orthodox, 4 Orientals and almost 400 Wasps. Committee chairmanships are largely in the hands of Wasps. Enlisted men in the armed services are an ethnic mix, but the officers are heavily Wasp. Even in the cities they no longer control politically-Chicago or Cleveland-Wasps have much behind-the-scenes power...
...such an exemption. A Library of Congress clerk, Shacter had claimed to be a C.O. even though he told his draft board that he was an athe ist. He was denied that classification, and in August was charged with being a draft dodger. Though raised as a Jew-his Orthodox grandfather was a C.O.-Shacter claimed to have his own re ligious faith, based on the belief that "man's mortal soul is the most perfect element in the cosmos." He declared that he could not serve in the Army, because to kill another person "is a sin that...
...Seeger. In that decision, Justice Tom Clark broadly interpreted the test of religious belief. To qualify as a C.O., wrote Clark, a man's convictions must be "sincere and meaningful" and "occupy a place in the life of its possessor parallel to that filled by the orthodox belief in God." Seeger, who had voiced "skepticism about the existence of God," did not go so far as to call himself an atheist. Clark pointed this out, concluding that "the question is not, therefore, one between theistic and atheistic beliefs. We do not deal with or intimate any decision on that...
...Orthodox surgery was considered far too risky. But Neurosurgeon Philipp M. Lippe, a former Air Force flight surgeon, recalled that centrifuges-the contraptions that spin pilots and astronauts in order to test their reaction to the pull of extra gravity-had occasionally been used in delicate eye operations. He wondered if the same process might not be used to force the bullet fragment within Barrios' brain into a safe spot in the soft tissue surrounding the upper ventricle. Lippe took the problem to NASA's nearby Ames Research Center in Moffett Field, where tests were made by whirling...
...rural Jewish village in 1911 Russia. It is a time of pogroms and malignant rumors of Jews who murder Christians as part of their religious rites. Bok, possessed of a barren, faithless wife (Carol White), abandons his emotions, his conscience and his home. His destination is the ancient Russian Orthodox city of Kiev, where he promptly sends himself to hell by passing as a gentile. In scenes that seem to have emerged from the mainstream of Russian literature, Lebedev (Hugh Griffith), a rabid anti-Semite, makes Bok a trusted employee until Lebedev's daughter Zinaida (Elizabeth Hartman) falsely accuses...