Word: orbitals
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...Europe, Dulles has seemed pleased with his diplomacy, but perhaps forgets that since he took office, Yugoslavia has moved closer to the Soviet orbit, France has torpedoed the European Defense Community, West Germany has produced more proponents for reunification before rearmament, and England has become distressed at the lack of high level consultation on major policy decisions. Dulles' responses to these situations, however, have been generally flexible and adequate, although the German problem is certainly far from solved. And his recent statement that he now sees NATO must shift--slightly--into the economic and political spheres, is encouraging...
...this effort is a new figure for the equatorial radius of the earth: 6,378,260 meters (3,444 nautical miles)*instead of the 6,378,388 meter figure that had been generally accepted. The Army says that the slight difference will be of use in predicting the orbit of the artificial satellite. This is true, but improved knowledge of the earth's size and shape will also be useful to dispatchers of long-range guided missiles...
...rocket-launching vehicle that will toss the U.S. earth satellite into its orbit is proving a tougher design job than some of the scientists thought. Last week Assistant Secretary of the Navy James H. Smith Jr., taking public notice of the fact, announced that the first satellite will not take to space until early...
...will be reading its numerous instruments and telling little gas-jets how to turn it in space until its length is parallel with the surface of the earth. The new, untried gas-jets will also set the third stage spinning rapidly, to give it gyroscopic stability on the final orbit. All these orienting and spinning devices, as well as many of the instruments, will require much development and testing...
Final Spurt. When the vehicle reaches 300 miles up, it will be at orbital level, above nearly all the atmosphere and pointing in the right direction. But its speed will be only half the speed required (17,000 m.p.h.) to make the satellite stick safely to its orbit. Reaching orbital speed is the job of the third-stage rocket. The final rocket will be small and will use solid fuel, which requires no tricky pumps or valves. It will fire for 30-60 seconds, depending on how much accelera tion the delicate instruments in the satellite can take without damage...