Word: nationalist
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...yield on demands that once seemed immutable. Cristiani abandoned the government's requirement that the guerrillas lay down their arms as a prerequisite to serious negotiations. While insisting that the rebels must eventually surrender their weapons, he said it was "not necessarily a first step." The President, whose rightist Nationalist Republican Alliance (ARENA) has strong links to El Salvador's armed forces, also offered publicly for the first time to consider a drastic reduction in military manpower. If the talks succeed, he said, "there would be a demobilization of the armed forces. We don't believe there's a need...
...attempt to kick them out of the homes they have inhabited for generations. So they have been hitting back with strikes that, if they persist, could wreck the economies of some republics. And in Moscow, Communist conservatives have seized on the Russians' plight to justify a crackdown on the nationalist movements. News reports in the capital deliver a crude subtext: ethnic Russians are the victims of nationalist extremists. Politburo members like Victor Chebrikov, former KGB chief, thunder that those whipping up ethnic strife "should not go unpunished, no matter what flags they raise and what brightly colored national costumes they...
...Estonian nationalists contend that Russians are exaggerating their plight and playing into the hands of Gorbachev's opponents. "It comes down to the question of who is for perestroika and who is against it," said Rein Kaarapere, an economist with the republic's Council of Ministers. He may have a point. Early this month delegates from Intermovement, which claims to represent 100,000 Russians in Estonia, joined members of similar groups across the country to found the United Front of Workers of Russia. The front is dedicated to battling nationalist movements, but it also expressed opposition to Gorbachev's plans...
Gorbachev had once hoped to make the Baltic states a showcase for perestroika. But he now faces a painful dilemma. If he allows the nationalist movements to run unchecked, he risks worsening ethnic tensions on top of all the Soviet Union's other problems. But if he cracks down, he will hearten the enemies, who are already making rich political capital out of the discrimination against Russians. The Soviet leader met with Baltic party and government officials last week to seek some compromise of their demands. This week's oft-postponed plenum may show if he has found...
Plans were then drawn to carry the battle up the Yangtze from Shanghai, take the Nationalist capital of Nanking (now Nanjing) and force Chiang to surrender. In one month the Imperial forces had shattered Chinese defenses, trapping 300,000 Nationalist troops and forcing hundreds of thousands of the city's 1 million people to flee. On Dec. 12, 1937, Nanking fell. For the next six weeks, the area's remaining population would be subjected to the worst atrocities yet seen in modern warfare. More than 200,000 men, a fourth of them civilians, were immolated, bayoneted or tortured to death...