Word: nam
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...means of raising new revenue. Among these is a 10 per cent tax of finished manufactured goods, suggested in 1950 by the National Association of Manufacturers. This would take the form of a uniform excise imposed on all end-products other than food, and would bring in, according to NAM estimates, approximately ten billion dollars a year. This is eight billions more than now collected under selective excise takes, and a significant portion of the budgetary deficit...
...Viet Minh rebels. The U.S.'s quid for France's quo: a promise of $385 million in aid over the next year for the war in Indo-China. Under Dulles' pressure France also gave assurances of independence to the native states of Laos, Cambodia and Viet Nam. This meant that Indo-Chinese nationalists were no longer faced with a choice between Communism and colonialism. Result: new hope for winning the seven-year-old Indo-China war and stopping the Communist advance into Southeast Asia...
...biggest and most important of the Indo-Chinese states, Viet Nam, was not so easily calmed. Assured at last of independence from France once the Communist threat is erased, the Vietnamese were in no mood to see their independence fall prey to a still strong and unreformed Ho Chi Minh. "The only way to end the war," said Viet Nam's Premier Nguyen Van Tarn, "is to beat the Viet Minh militarily and disperse their armies . . . Negotiations would have the effect of giving the Viet Minh an enormous advantage over...
...French-Vietnamese side: effectives total 248,000, including 18,000 in the navy and air force, and 180,000 in the native Vietnamese army commanded by General Nguyen Van Hinh, combat-pilot son of Viet Nam's Premier Nguyen Van Tarn. The bulk of non-native forces is composed of 52.000 Frenchmen, plus Senegalese, North Africans and Foreign Legionnaires. The French Union troops have suffered 147,000 casualties, including 60,000 killed or dead of wounds (5,000 more casualties and 35,000 more combat dead than the U.S. lost in three years of Korea). Almost...
From Paris, Premier Joseph Laniel fired off an offer to complete negotiations for the full independence of Viet Nam, Laos and Cambodia-"within the French Union," the French hoped, but even outside it if the Indo-Chinese insist. Paris gave Navarre nine more battalions of French soldiers (eleven less than he asked for, but a lot when measured against France's supply). Washington, kept in touch with the detailed development of the plan by Ambassador Donald Heath, joined in further planning. Its decision: an addition of $385 million to the $400 million in aid that was already scheduled...