Word: militarized
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Before dawn of the big day, officers at the Colegio Militar outside Buenos Aires noticed unusual activity at the nearby Palomar airbase. They flashed the word to Perón, who had planned to attend a flag ceremony that morning at Campo de Mayo, another big outlying army base. About 9, as a few air force and navy planes flew low over the presidential palace and dropped leaflets announcing the revolt, an officer driving up to Campo de Mayo saw soldiers scuffling inside gate No. 8. He spun his car round, raced back to the capital with the second alarm...
After the war, when Brazil's Communist party had not yet been outlawed, a handful of able Communist schemers moved in on Rio's Club Militar, an old social and fraternal organization open to all Brazilian officers. Organizing Cell No. 2 of their Democratic Front of National Liberation inside the club, they gained influence by lobbying in Congress for more pay and privileges for officers. In the club's 1950 elections, they helped elect as club president General Newton Estillac Leal, the candidate of Getulio Vargas, then launching his political comeback; at the same time, they worked...
Taking over the club's monthly magazine, Revista do Club Militar, the Communists quietly converted a staid review of tactical problems and social functions into a party-line organ. Revista editorials blasted the U.S. and U.N., called the Korean campaign a war of "Wall Street imperialism," described U.N. troops as "butchers," and criticized Brazil's government for cooperating with the West...
Last week, on the day before the scheduled vote, officers flocked to Rio from all over Brazil. Commies strung wires into the high-ceilinged hall of the Club Militar, prepared to broadcast their last-minute speeches by loudspeaker into the streets below. That evening the War Minister was summoned by President Vargas. After an hour's conference, Estillac Leal went straight to the club, announced that he was resuming the presidency and-to permit "a cooling-off of passions"-postponed the referendum for 30 days...
...developed a strong nostalgia for the good old days under Getulio. Little posters were appearing on the walls everywhere: "Bread 10? 1940-Bread 32? 1950." Even the army showed some signs of returning to Vargas' side. In the election of officers last month at Rio's Club Militar (a social center to which most army officers belong), the regular anti-Vargas slate was defeated. The winning faction made a point of saying that they would not object to the ex-President's return, if he were constitutionally chosen...