Word: method
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There is a third method of dealing with examination questions--that is by the use of the overpowering assumption, an assumption so cosmic that it is sometimes accepted. For example, we wrote that it is pretty obvious that the vague generality was the key device in any discussion of examination writing. Why is it obvious? As a matter of fact it isn't obvious at all, but just an arbitrary point from which to start. That is an example of an unwarranted assumption...
...traditional method for fighting the theft of thought has been just that--traditional. It consists of putting a group of students in a room, making them put aside their outer garments and notebooks, and then letting them take the test under the scrutiny of proctors...
...This method adds to the formality of the whole affair--you know something serious is going on when you have 10 people being paid to watch your every move for three hours...
...This method of deterrence can backfire, though, as it distracts students from the fact that cheating is actually a wrong in itself. Students may not dismiss cheating because they have reasoned that it is immoral--but may dismiss it because they are afraid of being caught...
Some freaked-out colleges (and some not so weird, like Wellesley) seem to have realized this, and employ an alternative method to combat cheating--the "honor code" method. In this system, there are no "proctors"--just a room of test takers...