Word: lederman
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...detect the existence of the anti-deuteron, Dr. Leon M. Lederman and his group worked with a device called a mass spectrometer at Brookhaven National Laboratory on Long Island. Using Brookhaven's 33 billion electron volt synchrotron, they bombarded a target of beryllium with a beam of high-energy protons. This resulted in a debris of. particles that sped through the 300-ft. magnetic field of the spectrometer, where they could be sorted and analyzed. When 16 giant, 20-ton magnets were set to pass positively charged particles, the apparatus made careful readings of the flight path, momentum...
...team that laid out the momentous experiment was led by Columbia Professors Leon Lederman, Melvin Schwartz and Jack Steinberger, and helped by Brookhaven scientists in charge of the synchrotron. First step was to shoot the machine's high-energy protons at a beryllium target and produce an intense beam of pions-which decay rapidly into muons, neutrinos (perhaps the new type), and other nuclear odds and ends. After shooting across some 70 ft., this beam of mixed particles hit a shield of battleship armor 42 ft. thick that stopped everything but the neutrinos, which sailed on unheeding...
Trapping a neutrino will be no mean trick. For the little particle is so small that it has no mass at all; it carries no electric charge and will be detectable only as a swiftly moving speck of energy. But the new Brookhaven spark chamber, designed by Drs. Leon Lederman, Melvin Schwartz and Jack Steinberger of Columbia University, has already proved to be remarkably sensitive. The spaces between its plates are filled with neon gas, and when alternate plates are charged with 10,000 volts of electricity, bright streams of sparks streak across the chamber at jagged angles. Those sparks...
...Columbia cyclotron (called affectionately a "pie factory") is arranged to generate a beam of pi mesons, which turn quickly into mu mesons. Using mu mesons to test parity had often been discussed, but had seemed too difficult. This time Dr. Lederman and Associate Richard L. Garwin had a new idea. Working at top speed with Graduate Research Assistant Marcel Weinrich, they set up an extremely simple experiment. In the path of the mu mesons streaming from the cyclotron, they placed a block of carbon about 6-in. square and 1-in. thick with a coil of wire wound around...
...passed through the coil the mesons turned around and shot their electrons in the other direction. This proved that mesons can be mirror twins (like right-hand and left-hand gloves) and still not behave in the same way. After the conclusive run of the experiment, says Dr. Lederman, "I called Lee on the telephone and told him, 'You're in!' " Parity was dead...