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...short for Secure Socket Layer, is used to encrypt information sent over the Internet. While most e-mail is not encrypted, SSL is commonly used by bank websites, websites processing credit card transactions, and Harvard PIN websites...
...solid performance) and his wife Kate (Ellen Burstyn) sunders has another dimension. Scenarist Welland (who wrote Chariots of Fire with another kind of class consciousness) and Director Yorkin (who created All in the Family with Norman Lear) want to use the Mackenzies' disorder to explore sympathetically an entirely unfashionable layer of life...
What was left behind in Armero, in Henao's words, was "one big beach of mud." A viscous gray layer, between 7 ft. and 15 ft. thick, covered most of the town. Thousands of bodies were buried in the sludge, their location sometimes marked by pools of blood on the surface. Other corpses lay half visible in miniature bogs that were as treacherous as quicksand. Some exhausted survivors lay on the surface of the mud in shallows, or staggered along in shock on drier ground. Many of the living were naked or only partly clothed; their garments had been torn...
...Colombian eruption, like most volcanic events, is the result of continental wanderlust. According to the widely accepted theory of plate tectonics, the earth's crust forms the top layer of about a dozen major plates and several smaller ones, which range in thickness from 20 miles to 150 miles. These sections float on a gooey layer of partly molten rock known as the asthenosphere. As they move in different directions at an average speed of several inches a year, the plates collide, dive under and buckle against one another, crinkling up into a mountain range here, yanking apart to form...
Christiansen and others suspect that magma is produced in the subduction zone, the border between the diving plate and the lower mantle. In that complicated layer, a variety of phenomena, including high temperatures, changes in pressure and the influx of water, may act to melt the already softened rock. Minerals and water then coalesce with the molten material into viscous, tear-shaped packets known as diapirs. Because they are more buoyant than surrounding rock, the diapirs percolate upward, like bubbles rising through honey, melting more rock as they go. Eventually they accumulate in pockets called magma chambers, located two miles...