Word: intifadas
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...assault on the cease-fire" (and by extension, on his authority) and vowed to arrest the perpetrators. But the Palestinian leader may be facing the toughest test yet of his domestic political standing - opinion polls find upward of 80 percent of Palestinians in favor of continuing the intifada, and the once unthinkable, that is, open defiance of Arafat's edicts, is now commonplace not only among the radical Islamists of Hamas and Islamic Jihad, but even among the grassroots structures of the Palestinian leader's own Fatah organization. The militants, who have no interest in seeing Arafat return...
...renewed political negotiations - hence the U.S. statement on Palestinian statehood. But having opposed Oslo from the outset and having voided the deal offered to Arafat by his predecessor, Sharon appears to have very little to bring to the political negotiating table. And after a year in which the intifada has demanded heavy sacrifices of Palestinians, Arafat would struggle to settle for any less than he was offered by Barak after Camp David...
...concerns with those of Israel's all-important international backer - and Washington is plainly insisting that the Israelis negotiate with the Palestinian Authority rather than shut it down. That faces Sharon with a dilemma, since the levels of force he has applied until now have failed to end the intifada, and increasing the level of force is diplomatically untenable. But dialogue, in the event that it can achieve a cease-fire, will force Sharon into the uncomfortable position of having to contemplate political negotiations with Arafat...
...Palestinian leader may be even more dependent on a resumption of dialogue than his Israeli counterparts, precisely because of the toll taken by the intifada on his domestic and international political standing. Arafat may have made more visits to the Clinton White House than any other foreign leader, but the onset of the intifada essentially made him persona non grata in Washington, and suicide bombing attacks emanating from areas under his control have sharply weakened his diplomatic support in the West. On the Palestinian street, the uprising has seen the political center of gravity shift away from Arafat and towards...
...Clinton's aggressive Middle East matchmaking, arguing that such efforts were bound to fail as long as the parties themselves remain reluctant to conclude a peace deal. But left to their own devices the two sides have shown scant ability to stabilize the situation. Now, one year into the intifada, the overriding priority of the anti-terrorism coalition may force the Bush administration to start knocking heads together...