Word: hydrogen
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...Menzel and L. H. Aller '39, reported to the American Astronomical Society last week that star "shells" are made of the same elements as stars themselves. They found that the planetary nebulae, which are great clouds of gas surrounding the very hot O-type stars, are composed chiefly of hydrogen, helium, carbon nitrogen, and oxygen...
These are the same five elements which play the important role of furnace men in the sun and most other stars. In the well-established carbon cycle, originally proposed by Dr. Hans Bethe of Cornell University, hydrogen is the fuel and helium the ash of stars, while carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen are the elements which keep the process going...
...improved motor has also helped give some U-boats greater speed at sharp-angle crash-diving. Such German submarines, the brain children of Vice Admiral Karl Doenitz (TIME, Feb. 2), are now powered with a single, modified diesel engine that burns oil in surface cruising and a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen when submerged. Other submarines use oil-burning diesels on the surface, electric motors under water...
...Nazis had overrun Holland and France, bottled up Switzerland -the countries whence the U.S. formerly imported nearly all its synthetic jewels (as many as 100,000,000 a year). Only one company, Union Carbide & Carbon, volunteered to make synthetics. It alone produced the great volumes of hydrogen and oxygen which are essential in making them...
...coal, then the U.S. can do it too, and probably a darn sight better! Not only can but should, agreed Harold Ickes, his Bureau of Mines and the Senate Appropriations Committee last week. They plan to build an $85,000 pilot plant at Pittsburgh to imitate the German hydrogenation techniques whereby carbon (from coal) is combined with hydrogen to form the group of light hydrocarbon compounds called gasoline...