Word: humaneness
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Dates: during 1960-1960
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Anti-intellectual, full of theatrical prankishness and a fondness for humanity that is edged in bitterness, Eugene Ionesco, with Jean Genet (The Balcony) and Samuel Beckett (Waiting for Godot), is one of the main forces in what he calls the School of Paris and most people call the avant-garde theater. From an obscure job in a firm publishing legal books, he emerged ten years ago at the age of 38 to begin writing theatrical works that were generally called obscure too. But like Genet and Beckett, he has expressed his themes less in dialogue than in the structure...
...ultimately relying on God. The builders of the republic knew what they meant by liberty, by law and by God; less obviously but just as importantly, they knew what they meant when they declared, "We hold these truths." They believed that ultimate, universal truth could be perceived by human reason. They also believed, in Murray's words, that "only a virtuous people can be free," that freedom can survive only if the people are "inwardly governed by the moral...
...evil avoided. For instance, says Father Murray, citing an example from St. Thomas, "To know the meaning of 'parent' and of 'disrespect' is to know a primary principle of the natural law, that disrespect to parents is evil, intrinsically and antecedent to any human prohibition." As experience unfolds, more and more precepts are derived-the basis of marriage, property, the state, the nature of justice. As human relationships become increasingly complex, the factoring-out of natural law eludes the unaided reason of the ordinary men. Such questions as the legitimate use of force, economic justice...
...conception of natural law as merely "the drive of the whole personality," the striving to "live ever more fully." Calling itself "modern evolutionary scientific humanism," it regards human values such as reason, justice and charity as man-made and human rights as dependent on man for their guarantee. In jurisprudence, it was Oliver Wendell Holmes who defined law as "the prophecies of what the courts will do in fact and nothing more pretentious." Said Holmes: "The jurists who believe in natural law seem to me to be in that naive state of mind that accepts what has been familiar...
...greatest polemical theologians in his church's history, Jesuit Cardinal Bellarmine was in the forefront of the struggle against the Protestants. But within Catholicism he was a transitional figure, facing the modern era with his feet firmly rooted in the Middle Ages. And. like many another human bridge, he was trampled on from both sides...