Word: hull
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November 20. The Jap envoys handed Hull a five-point ultimatum which called for the U.S. to abandon all its checks on Japanese aggression...
November 20-25. Franklin Roosevelt, alarmed by the Jap ultimatum, wavered, seriously considered a modus vivendi to last six months. In a penciled note to Cordell Hull he wrote: "U.S. to resume economic relations-some oil and rice now-more later. ... U.S. to introduce Japanese to Chinese to talk things over. . . . Later on Pacific agreements." To Winston Churchill he cabled that this would be "a fair proposition" for the Japs but that he was not hopeful of its acceptance; "we must all be prepared for real trouble, possibly soon...
November 26. The objections to temporizing prevailed; Franklin Roosevelt abandoned his plan for retreat. Secretary Hull handed the Japs a ten-point counterproposal to the Nov. 20 ultimatum. The negotiations, as events eleven days later proved, were over. On Nov. 30 Churchill again urged the President by cable to warn the Japs that any further aggression would "lead immediately to the gravest consequences"; instead, Franklin Roosevelt sent his now-famous personal appeal to Emperor Hirohito...
Said Cordell Hull: "There was never any question of this nation's forcing Japan to fight. The question was whether this country was willing to sacrifice its principles. To have accepted the Japanese proposal of Nov. 20 ... would have made the United States an ally of Japan in Japan's program of conquest and aggression and of collaboration with Hitler...
Margaret Truman, swinging a bottle of champagne against a plane's hull to inaugurate American Overseas Airlines' Washington-to-London commercial flights, scored a splashing smash on the third swing (her mother hammered a hull nine times last spring and finally gave...