Word: ho
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Previously, infiltrators from the North, sent down via the Ho Chi Minh Trail, were mostly drawn from 90,000 Southerners who had moved North after Viet Nam's partition in 1954 and had been trained by the Communists. These are now either too old for the tough guerrilla life or have been used up in the war to date. Thus most of the new arrivals from Hanoi are young North Vietnamese draftees. Of the 7,400 Viet Cong who entered the South last year, fully 75% were natives of North Viet...
...Ministry of Defense to six military regions in South Viet Nam corresponding to the political units. The beefed-up Viet Cong hard core is composed of 50 "Main Force" battalions, overseen by five regimental headquarters (compared to two in 1961). Political and military control are synchronized, giving Ho Chi Minh "assurance of political control over the military"-something his coup-happy opponents to the South must envy...
...Ho reportedly pays keen personal attention to the Viet Cong intelligence organization, headquartered in Hanoi under the title of "Central Research Agency" (Cue Nghien-Cuu Trung-Uong). Three special C.R.A. centers handle operations not only in South Viet Nam but in Cambodia and Laos as well. Terrorists and saboteurs receive a special six-month course in Haiphong, learning how to blow up everything from ships to oil storage tanks. One pint-size James Bond named Tran Van Bui was out fitted with an automatic pistol (plus silencer), explosives and a small knife that could inject poison...
...Metallurgist Nguyen Cam, the son of a South Vietnamese farmer. Cam fought against the French, later was transferred to an agricultural camp. Early in 1960 he was back in uniform, this time learning cast-iron production and simple blast furnace design. Then Cam and 35 other metallurgists hit the Ho Chi Minh Trail, set up a secret Viet Cong iron foundry in Kontum province. Cam built kilns and smelted the ore from nearby iron deposits to make grenades and mines. He was captured by Vietnamese Rangers one day while gathering corn...
...White Paper convincingly demonstrates the tight control exercised by Hanoi over the war in South Viet Nam. It does not trace specific attacks like those at Pleiku and Quinhon directly back to Hanoi, but there is little doubt that Ho Chi Minh and his North Vietnamese aides approved them. As the report summarizes: "The government in Saigon and the Government of the United States both hoped that the danger could be met within South Viet Nam itself. The leaders in Hanoi chose to respond with greater violence. Clearly the restraint of the past was not providing adequately for the defense...