Word: hitherto
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...similar strategy could lead to vaccines against malaria and TB. But while conquering such hitherto vaccine-resistant diseases would be dramatic, it would be positively revolutionary to extend vaccines to illnesses that have seemed beyond their reach. One such candidate is heart disease--which may involve the immune system in ways nobody ever imagined just a few years ago. The buildup of fatty cholesterol deposits on artery walls may begin, it turns out, with an inflammation perhaps caused by bacteria. This immune response alters the arteries in ways that make them prone to cholesterol damage. A vaccine that could prevent...
...settlements in the West Bank and Gaza, and pressed it to open negotiations with the Palestinians. Ironically, the global anti-terror campaign may presage a more activist peacemaking role by the new Bush administration, too. It even has the potential to foster unprecedented security cooperation between Washington and such hitherto "untouchable" regimes as Iran and Syria. But there are profound dangers, too. A wider war between the West and the Arab and Muslim world is precisely what Bin Laden and his henchmen are trying to provoke - and what the Bush administration must avoid. It is the tricky quest for allies...
...lesser bully to a routine after-school brawl by the bicycle shed, Benito seemed unfazed as a crowd gathered expectantly. Ordinarily, he could have dispatched the challenger without breaking a sweat. But at a given signal, Benito found himself set upon, not just by the challenger, but by a hitherto unthinkable alliance of lesser bullies, jocks, do-gooders and former victims. It was over in seconds, Benito limping off, his shirt ripped, his nose bloodied and - the ultimate humiliation for the bully among bullies - tears streaming down his meaty cheeks. And with that, the old equilibrium was restored. Benito...
...Scientists have found that hitherto sedentary 40-year-old women who start walking briskly for half an hour a day, four days a week, enjoy almost the same low risk of heart attack as women who have exercised conscientiously their entire lives...
...demonstrated his brilliance. By focusing on those bits of DNA that were actually doing something--as opposed to the long strings that had no obvious function--he was able to tag the relevant parts and decode them. These "expressed-sequence tags" enabled Venter to start identifying genes at a hitherto unimaginable pace...