Word: hinduism
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Religious antagonism is caused by friction between South Asia's three great religions: Hinduism, Buddhism and Islam. Though all three have undergone schisms and changes, they have nonetheless escaped the equivalent of the Reformation, which split the less flexible Christian faith but also moved it into the modern era. Relatively unharried by reformers and modernizers, Hinduism, Islam and Buddhism reached the 20th century with their ancient, fossilized social doctrines nearly intact. Hinduism's caste system, Buddhism's ambiguous attitude toward worldly institutions, Islam's hatred of infidels-all perpetuate intermittent communal discord...
...Religions 231, primarily for graduates. It covers Mohammed; no course covers the development of Islamic theology and religious law as an exclusive interest. Far Eastern religions are touched on in several literary surveys and intellectural histories of the area, but only Buddhism is studied for its own sake. Hinduism, Confucianism and Taoism are totally left out; even the Buddhism courses (Indian Studies 131a and Chinese 132) are taught by the area departments and are connected with the phenomenon of religion in general. Old Testament Judaism is covered well only because it fits the departmental concerns of Near Eastern Languages...
Buddha dismissed the ultimate philosophical questions, such as the finiteness or infinity of the world, as profitless speculation. But he took over from Hinduism the concept of the endless cycle of life, in which a man might be reincarnated as anything from a noble elephant to a lowly spider?depending upon the merit of his previous life's deeds. As a kind of cultivated escapism for the individual who masters the drill, Buddhism has been dismissed by some Westerners as Freudianism in reverse: a systematic elimination of the ego so that anxiety has no place to roost. Originally, Buddhism...
Portuguese anger is mild compared to that of some right-wing Hindu groups, which look upon the congress as a colonialist plot to destroy the culture of India. There are blunt posters on the streets of Bombay warning that "Christianity is a danger to Hinduism." Indian officials minimized the threat to the Pope, but put a number of Hindu fanatics in protective custody and strengthened the 16,000-man Bombay police force with 3,000 troops from the Maharashtra state police...
Nature and the gods intertwine in Hinduism, India's dominant religion, which makes trees natural-enough symbols of god-granted fertility in a hot, dusty country. But sculptors did not copy trees, even when they meant to depict them. Instead, the artists pursued a metaphysic that showed dryads called yakshis (see opposite page) embracing trees in a union of the soul and the divine. Bulbous breasts, swelling hips and crescent thighs are drawn more from the idea of fertility than from womanly shapeliness. If the sculptors made their female goddesses hyperana-tomic bombs, they were emphasizing perfection in divine...