Word: guatemalans
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Neither side had rushed headlong into combat. Both knew that the outcome would almost certainly depend on whether the regular Guatemalan army, some 6,000 strong and not at all Communist, stuck by the government or swung over to the anti-Communist cause. But whether the Guatemalan clash swelled into bitter and prolonged civil bloodshed or petered out in anticlimax and frustration, the issue was nonetheless clearly drawn. Guatemala, in its special way, was a small-scale sequel to Korea and Indo-China. and the world knew it. Even the United Nations Security Council stirred into action; it held...
Main points: 1) interception and confiscation of any further arms shipments from Communist sources to Guatemala;-2) a five-nation watchdog commission to enforce the arms quarantine and to keep an eye on Guatemalan infiltration among its neighbors; and 3) no action for the present on economic sanctions that might bring hardship to Guatemala's people...
...midweek the Guatemalan government announced that it had captured documents and secret codes, and Interior Minister Augusto Charnaud MacDonald portentously declared: "A plot-one of the best-organized conspiracies in the history of the country-has been unearthed. Those arrested were the vanguard of forces based on foreign soil." The plot, whether real or fancied, was convenient, and it roused the regime's supporters to demands for action. The Communist chief of the peasants' union called on his followers to be ready to join a rural militia to shoot antiCommunists. And Communist Congressman César Montenegro Paniagua...
...Toriello called in U.S. Ambassador John E. Peurifoy and had what he later described as a "most cordial" talk on improving relations. Toriello tried hard to put over the idea that the issue really keeping the two countries apart is the United Fruit Co.'s troubles with the Guatemalan government, and that the governments could end the tension by settling the company's problems...
Time for Change? Watching and waiting, Washington stepped up action slowly. Since it might be preferable that another republic take the lead in proposing action against Guatemalan Communism, the State Department stood by while Nicaragua and Costa Rica sounded out the South Americans on collective action. But Senate Minority Leader Lyndon Johnson hinted at what might come when he told a Texas audience last week that economic sanctions against Guatemala are under consideration. In an ominously vague phrase Secretary John Foster Dulles forecast collective action-"if circumstances permit...