Word: genese
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Ever since the 1970s, when scientists first learned to snip individual fragments from the hundreds of thousands of genes in the nuclei of mammalian cells, the behavior of the isolated segments interacting with cells in a laboratory dish has been studied extensively, an approach with obvious limitations. "A new gene...
Yet getting foreign genes into a living, breathing mouse and then activating them turned out to be extremely tricky. A dramatic success occurred in 1982, when Ralph Brinster of the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Richard Palmiter of the University of Washington in Seattle and their colleagues concocted...
In a somewhat subtler series of experiments, Baltimore and his colleagues are studying how genes for disease-fighting antibodies are coordinated to respond to thousands of different invading microbes. They tailor-made a mouse gene for producing antibodies and inserted it into the DNA of a normal mouse. Although the...
To understand better the genetic basis of cancer, Philip Leder, a molecular geneticist at the Harvard Medical School and his colleague Timothy Stewart, have bred a line of transgenic mice that may someday serve as a model for human breast malignancy. He designed a DNA hybrid consisting of a gene...
Although transgenic technology is still in its infancy, some scientists hope that they can use it soon to reap medical benefits. If cancer genes can be so readily turned on, for example, the new technique may reveal ways to turn them off. And what is learned about gene expression could...