Word: ethnicities
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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China's assault on Viet Nam was expected and well advertised. Tensions had been building up ever since Hanoi's forced expulsion of ethnic Chinese last spring, Viet Nam's lightning rout of Peking's client regime in Cambodia last month, and an intensifying series of incidents on the China-Viet Nam border. Vice Premier Teng Hsiao-p'ing repeatedly and publicly telegraphed the punch during his U.S. visit this month, railing against the "hegemonistic" ambitions of the Soviet "polar bear" and against Vietnamese "aggression" in Southeast Asia. Hanoi "has to be taught a necessary lesson," he warned. In Tokyo...
What then is Afro-American Literature? To begin, it is a manifestation of the ethnic and emotional consciousness of Afro-American peoples. Our aesthetic concern is about a particular kind of man, the Afro-American man and woman, who have emerged under particular historical circumstances and whose aesthetic sensibilities were fashioned by a particular geography, a particular social setting and a particular type of economic arrangement...
...everywhere, in every hand, as self-styled "freedom fighters" liberated weapons from police stations and army barracks. In Tehran, Tabriz and other cities, sporadic fighting raised the death toll for the week to an estimated 1,500. A bewildering motley of forces was involved: troops loyal to the Shah, ethnic separatists, mojahedeen (literally crusaders) who backed the new government of Prime Minister Mehdi Bazargan, and, ominously, Marxist fedayeen (sacrificers) who felt that the revolution had not moved far enough to the left...
...fighting about. Carved out of former French Equatorial Africa, it is impoverished, plagued by drought, malaria and periodic locust swarms. Its only known resource is a uranium deposit far in the north. Perhaps it is Chad's poverty (annual per capita income: $120) that makes its religious and ethnic rivalries so fierce. With so little to go around, each side must fight all the harder to obtain a life-sustaining share...
CHINA'S ATTACK on Vietnam, though not unprovoked, is certainly reprehensible. It could be argued that frequent border conflicts between the two countries, Hanoi's expulsion of 180,000 ethnic Chinese and, in particular, its invasion of Cambodia and overthrow of the China-backed Pol Pot regime have forced China to do something to prove its strength and its commitment to supporting its allies...