Word: eritrea
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...Ocean naval facility, but can probably find some kind of alternative-possibly on Ethiopia's Red Sea coastline. They have exchanged the friendship of Somalia for that of a far bigger country. But Ethiopia is an extremely fragile ally that is fighting wars in its northern province of Eritrea as well as the Ogaden, and is led by an unstable junta. Only last week the junta executed its second in command, Lieut. Colonel Atnafu Abate...
...Ethiopians, who are also righting a rebellion in the northern province of Eritrea, receive massive military aid from the Soviet Union. Until recently, Moscow also held Somalia in the iron grip of its friendship; but then it made the mistake of trying to expand its influence in the Horn of Africa by extending aid to both Somalia and Ethiopia, even though the two were ancient enemies. The volatile Somalis were enraged at the Russians' perfidy and stepped up their support for the Ogaden rebels. Meanwhile, the Soviets have reportedly supplied Ethiopia with MiG-21s and MiG-23s, heavy artillery...
...hollow boast, perhaps, but the fact is that the Ethiopian empire of the late Haile Selassie is today threatened with disintegration. Indeed, the two hottest wars going on anywhere in the world at present are both taking place within Ethiopia. In the northern province of Eritrea, Addis Ababa's Marxist military government of Colonel Mengistu Haile Mariam has lost everything but the provincial capital of Asmara and the port cities of Massawa and Assab to the secessionist rebels. If Ethiopia should be defeated in both of its desert wars, it would lose more than 40% of its territory...
...1930s and '40s, the sands of northeast Africa were a cockpit of conflict between rival European colonial powers, chiefly Britain and Italy. Today, in both Eritrea and Ogaden, the central issue is the integrity of national boundaries, v. self-determination by individual provinces or tribal groups. The Ethiopians are resolved to retain the territory they acquired during a century of expansion. The Eritreans, whose land was an Italian colony until 1941, are fighting for independence; the Somalis are pursuing their dream of uniting the various Somali homelands under one flag. But these conflicts also have international significance. The Horn...
...Tessenei, a town that the Eritreans have recently captured, we had good luck-there was a hotel, kept by an Italian, Archimede Parmigiani, 68, who has lived 42 years in Eritrea. There were no other guests. The kitchen had shell holes in the roof, the dusty flasks of Chianti were empty. His family has gone back to Bologna, but Parmigiani stays on. He asks: "What would I do in Bologna after so many years here...