Word: enough
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Dates: during 2000-2000
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...KOOL & THE GANG's 1986 LP spent 42 weeks on the charts, earning the band a gold record, which wasn't enough to keep the lead singer from pursuing a solo career...
...ready enough, evidently. On Nov. 25, Downey was arrested at a luxury resort in Palm Springs, Calif., charged with possession of cocaine and speed and with violating the terms of his August parole. Against all logic and common sense, he had played with the same fire that had repeatedly burned him in the past--and this time his career could be put on hold indefinitely...
...ultimately, addiction is a physical disease of the brain caused by exposure to drugs. It starts, many neuroscientists believe, when alcohol, cocaine, amphetamines or other drugs boost the activity of a brain chemical called dopamine, which generates the sensation of pleasure. Flip the pleasure switch often enough, and nerve cells in many parts of the brain--especially in a tiny region known as the nucleus accumbens--become accustomed to the rush. When the switch is left in the off position too long, nerve cells feel deprived, a sensation the addict experiences as a nearly irresistible craving...
Since addiction is caused by drug exposure, Leshner believes, anyone who takes drugs long enough will become an addict. But "long enough" can vary dramatically from one person to the next. In Downey's case, it can't have helped that when he was six, he was given a joint by his filmmaker father (Downey Sr. has since expressed regret for that action). But without an understanding of individual biological differences, which scientists have yet to unravel, nobody can say whether those experiences turned Downey into an addict right from the start or whether repeated drug use over many years...
...film intelligently deploys familiar thriller elements: chases; shoot-outs; high-level duplicity; terse, sassy dialogue; and a cast having a high time playing preening villains and wily good guys. Even Ryan, with too much attitude and nonstop nutating, finally gets into the film's burly spirit. All this is enough to stoke the action engine, but the movie has a fuller agenda--to give its characters flesh and a meaningful melancholy...