Word: effecting
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...Clearly we cannot ask the Soviet Union in effect to police the world for us by preventing situations adverse to our interests. You cannot ask the Soviet Union not to take advantage of what is in effect being handed to them. I have never accused the Soviet Union of directly causing the events in Iran. However, I believe that some of the things the Soviet Union did contributed to a climate of insecurity that helped to demoralize the leadership of Iran and encouraged its opponents. The network of semiterrorist and guerrilla-trained organizations that the Soviet Union finances and supports...
...starts a rock slide does not have to be accountable for every last rock that hits a victim. The coup was heavily Communist in its organization, and since then the Soviet Union has taken operational control over many aspects of Afghan political life. That fact had an extremely unsettling effect on the Iranian government, which interpreted our acquiescence in it as potential collusion between us and the Soviet Union in creating spheres of influence. It also had an unsettling effect on Pakistan. I do not want to imply, though, that there was much we could have done about it locally...
That was precisely what troubled the military rulers of El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras. Their leaders feared that a domino effect might engulf them in a wave of leftist insurgency inspired by the success of Nicaragua's revolt. In all three countries, leftist terrorism has been on the rise, largely because more peaceable democratic opposition groups have been ruthlessly suppressed. Though the junta has denied any plans to "export our revolution," Defense Department and intelligence officials are urging that the U.S. resume arms shipments to the three nations, which have been cut off since the Carter Administration began...
There are strong arguments against giving Chrysler the cash. Opponents cite the British experience of never-ending subsidies to sick companies and its disastrous effect on the taxpayers. G.M. Chairman Thomas A. Murphy argues that federal aid insulates companies from the effects of competition in the marketplace, perpetuates inefficiency and creates unfairness. There is no precedent for what Chrysler wants. In 1971 Lockheed was rescued with a federal loan guarantee for $250 million of its private debt. But that cost the taxpayers nothing, and by the time the Lockheed loans were paid off in 1977, the Government made a profit...
...Ottaviani's era the Holy Office also had a voice on external matters. In 1949 he signed the decree excommunicating Catholics who joined or aided the Communists, but with very little effect. In a 1953 speech that outraged Protestants, Ottaviani declared that rulers of predominantly Catholic states had a duty to protect "the religious unity of a people who unanimously know themselves to be in secure possession of religious truth." Vatican II rejected such thinking. Years later, he publicly denounced Pope Paul's reformed Mass as "nearly heretical...