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...Folks Nations, the Gangster Disciples and others have begun to erode. The power vacuum is being filled by gang subsets, wannabes and factions with weak leadership. "Now you have a lot of renegades, and 70% of the young men are on the defense," explains Tio Hardiman, gang mediation director for CeaseFire, an antiviolence organization that has been replicated in several cities. "So you have shooters all over the place...
...Baltimore case, to a simple look of disrespect on a rival's face. A fistfight among young men can escalate into drive-by shootings that elicit identical retribution, finally leading to the slaying of people who may or may not have been involved, including innocent bystanders. Says David Kennedy, director of the Center for Crime Prevention and Control at John Jay College of Criminal Justice: "People think they are organized and [part of] making money on the streets, but for the most part, all of that is wrong. What you usually find are groups that fit none of the above...
Chicago and Cincinnati appear to have programs that are working. "It's a science-based approach that works with the community," says Dr. Gary Slutkin, executive director of Ceasefire Chicago. "We don't even use the word 'gang.' We see this as an issue of behavior...
...with funding from the U.S. Department of Justice, after the city recorded a record 89 killings the year before. The result has been an overall 20% homicide drop from 2007 to 2008 and a 38% reduction in group member-involved homicides in the first six months of 2009. Project director S. Gregory Baker says Cincinnati's approach is one in which known violent felons, including those in gangs or under court supervision, are actively counseled by law enforcement representatives with strong anti-violence messages and encouraged to spread the word among their peers in the streets. Afterward, they...
...workers, a neutral place where they can talk without feeling they are violating the unwritten "stop snitching" street code. That approach involves putting social workers in the street to directly confront the violence. "There are credible messengers who can go in and influence change in behaviors," says Tio Hardiman, director of the gang mediation arm of Chicago's program, also called CeaseFire. "Some of these guys used to run the streets and they have backbone and fortitude and they let them know they should be putting the shooting behind them, and the data we have is backing up our claims...