Word: cosmically
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...sudden drop of their gondola. They had been preparing for this ascension since last summer, had tried and failed last autumn (TIME, Sept. 22) and were now aloft largely because of the backing of King Albert's favorite Fund for Scientific Research. Their purpose: to study the intensity of cosmic rays in the stratosphere...
Significance. Professor Piccard's prime purpose was to determine whether cosmic rays were, as believed, ten times more powerful in the stratosphere than upon reaching the earth through the atmosphere. Dr. Arthur Holly Compton, winner of the 1927 Nobel Prize for physics, said in Chicago: ''Such measurements have been made before with sounding balloons, but the conditions under which Professor Piccard made his observations would be much more satisfactory." He expected the results to prove "very valuable" to science...
Jeans discussed modern theories of matter and how the knowledge acquired in the last twenty years indicates that the source of stellar radiation must be matter itself. He talked fully half of the time upon the much discussed cosmic radiation and showed how calculations of its energy corresponded with the energy that must result from the annihilation of hydrogen and helium atoms...
...conclusion Dr. Jeans said that at the turn of the century there were the two great laws of conservation of mass and energy, but now that mass was merely another form of energy, these two laws were replaced by one more general and all-inclusive law of conservation of cosmic energy...
...days before Dr. Michelson died, Dr. Millikan and Sir James joined in a comparative exposition at California Institute of Technology. Sir James's rebuttal to Dr. Millikan's synthesis argument was that as each proton pops away from the core of an exploding atom it generates a cosmic ray. Dr. Millikan agreed that this reasoning might be correct. Nonetheless, he held tenaciously to his own hypothesis...