Word: control
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Dates: during 1950-1950
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Acting on a United Nations General Assembly resolution, the Big Five nations and Canada will reopen disenssion soon on international control of atomic energy. For, after almost four months of debate, the Assembly adjourned in December, unable to reach a satisfactory solution to the impasse on control existing between Eastern and Western blocs on the UN Atomic Energy Commission...
Although the Commission has worked out a plan which has been favorably voted on by the Assembly, that plan has not gone into effect because of Russia's adamant refusal to submit to the recommended control. The USSR holds that the UN plan is only a slight variation of the "unfair" U.S. proposal, presented at the first meeting of the Commission in 1946, and that the Russian system, outlined a few days later, is the only acceptable one. Soviet delegates claim that the UN plan is politically loaded in favor of the West, and is calculated to give...
This argument, and thus the entire discussion of international control, concerns three points in the UN plan: 1) control by the Commission with no veto on majority decisions; 2) establishment of control by "stages," with destruction of existing atomic weapons as the final "stage"; 3) management and operation of all atomic energy production facilities the world by the Commission. These points are basically those asked by Bernard Baruch, speaking for the U.S. in 1946, and originally requested by the Acheson-Lilienthal report earlier that year...
Russia, on the other hand, says that the Commission recommendations on possible action should be funneled through the Security Council--where the veto is in force. The Soviet plan calls for immediate destruction of all atomic bomb stockpiles, before international control goes into operation, and periodic inspection of production facilities, with punishments for violations to be administered by the country in which the violation occurs...
Arguing against the Soviet proposal, U.S. delegates point out that use of the veto would make the control system meaningless, since one of the Big Five could halt punishment of its own violation. Britain, speaking for the Commission majority, states that "periodic" inspection would mean no control at all: a country could easily cover up a violation before the UN inspectors made their visit...