Word: communisms
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WHEN the leaders of world Communism pay state visits to the fraternal Rumanian Socialist Republic, they are often startled to find President Nicolae Ceauşescu flanked by bearded dignitaries in sumptuous clerical robes -usually Patriarch Justinian, the primate of the Rumanian Orthodox Church and Dr. Moses Rosen, the Chief Rabbi of Bucharest. Such affronts to the militantly atheist ideology of Communism have been frequent occurrences since Ceauşescu came to power in 1965. High-ranking prelates are now elected to the Rumanian National Assembly. Some members of the Rumanian Communist Party's Central Committee regularly attend Easter...
...Change of Heart. This permissiveness derives from no spiritual conversion on the part of Rumania's Communist rulers but from considerations of national self-interest. In 1948, right after the Russians brought Communism to power in Rumania, the new government duly followed the Soviet example by clamping down on all religions, including the predominant Orthodox Church. Hardest hit were the 1,560,000 Uniate Catholics, who are in union with Rome, but practice the Byzantine rite. The Uniate Church was outlawed, its five bishops and most of its parish priests arrested. Many died in prison. In a second spasm...
Thus, the sailors learned that they were not the only Russians who felt the acute pangs of economic collapse and the excessive denials of "war communism." They began to perceive that, if they should make the government in Moscow a target of militant protest, they would not be alone in their sympathies. In this regard, the events in Petrograd during the last two weeks in February were absolutely inflammatory. If they were to pick up the gun, the sailors thought, many on the mainland and in the Imperial City itself would join them...
...President and some students proceed from vastly different assumptions. The President says, "America has never lost a war," as if "winning" or "losing" were the important consideration. He seems to them to hold attitudes, derived from the Cold War, such as the domino theory, and to view Communism in Southeast Asia as a source of danger to America. Wrongly or rightly, many of our best informed students do not share these assumptions...
Reworking Lenin. Perhaps the most telling is the treatment of Stalin in the recently published fourth edition of Lenin's biography, which is a sort of hagiography of Soviet Communism. Unlike the earlier biographies, the new edition omits the entire section on the rise of Stalin's cult of personality, the Soviet euphemism for his reign of terror. It glosses over his disputes with Lenin about economic and military policies. In addition, the present version strikes out Lenin's complaints that Stalin was coarse and rude. In fact, the only criticism of Stalin appears in Lenin...