Word: coding
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...only warrior who emerged from the smoke of the Great Supreme Court Battle of 1937 in better shape than before was spry old Associate Justice Willis Van Devanter, 78. For the judicial code was amended to allow Justices of the Supreme Court, instead of resigning, to retire with full pay ($20,000 a year) guaranteed for life. Justice Van Devanter, who for two years had wanted to retire, seized the opportunity...
...respite under NRA it has been the normal condition of coal since 1923. After NRA came the Guffey Coal Act (also found unconstitutional) and finally last spring the Guffey-Vinson Act creating a seven-man National Bituminous Coal Commission. This body, with powers much like those of an NRA code authority (minus jurisdiction over labor practices), had as its first big job to fix minimum coal prices. Last week it gave birth to its first set of minima, to the outspoken approval of almost all coal men, the bitter disapproval of coal's best customers-industry and railroads...
...price areas. Nos. 1, 2 & 3 (covering Iowa and all the U. S. east of the Mississippi), which produce 80% of all U. S. soft coal, are those affected by last week's price setup. The rest of the U. S. will be put under a similar price code in a few weeks. In each of the 23 producing areas each quality and size of coal is classified according to production costs. Sizes include lump, egg, pea, nut, run-of-mine, industrial slack and stoker. Qualities range from "A" through "G" or further, depending on sulfur and ash content...
...enforce its minimum, B. C. C. signs up producers to a code whereby each agrees to pay 1? per ton excise tax. Any producer who refuses to sign the code must pay a prohibitive tax of 19½% on his gross sales. So far 6,108 of the 6,315 U. S. bituminous mines have signed up, for coal producers, desperate after their many lean years, are nearly unanimous in favor of price fixing...
...went on to Harvard Law School, practiced in Butler, Pa. until 1923 when he began his coal career as president & general manager of Erie Coal Mining Co. A member of Governor Pinchot's Pennsylvania Coal Commission in 1931, he had a hand in drafting the NRA coal code, went to Washington under the first Guffey Act as a National Coal Commissioner. A Guffey man, he is extremely dictatorial, rules the commission, whose majority supports him, with an iron hand. Whenever this backing has wavered (and it has done so frequently over patronage, office furniture and Senatorial meddling...