Word: chimurenga
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...song Hokoya (Watch Out!) got him sent to jail for three months in 1977, and Pamuromo Chete ("It's Just Talking," 1978), an upbeat reply to Smith's vow that Africans would never rule, got blacks to join the independence battle. Mapfumo's music became so identified with the chimurenga - Shona for "struggle" - that the style was itself dubbed chimurenga. Two years later, as black Zimbabwe celebrated its liberation, Tuku and his band, the Black Spirits, hit the charts with Africa, an album filled with driving dance beats and heady optimism about the future. For years, Zimbabwe did live...
...abroad in 1989 as Corruption. He hasn't let up, writing songs like Zvatakabva Kuhondo (As we finish the battle, 1994) and Ndiyani Waparadza Musha (Who has destroyed our home?, 1998). State-run ZBC radio - the main source of news and entertainment - often bans Mapfumo's songs. During the chimurenga, ZANU-PF ran a Mozambique-based short-wave station that beamed into the country, a tactic that exiled Zimbabweans are using again. Now the regime is fighting back, recruiting popular singers to make propaganda albums. But the artists who sign on "are hated [for] glorifying a corrupt, brutal system," says...
...with their reports. And the staff sometimes hears of listeners being targeted. Recently, in the Mashonaland West town of Zvimba, two teens listening in on someone else's radio were beaten by soldiers. In fact, SW Radio is only taking a page from Mugabe's own playbook. During the chimurenga in the 1970s, his party aired reports on shortwave from Mozambique. Listeners would huddle clandestinely around radios, waiting to hear the reassuringly familiar words: "This is the Revolutionary Voice of Zimbabwe." Some three decades later, "the people still need a voice," says Jackson. "We're just trying to give people...
...originator of the Zimbabwean style of music called Chimurenga, the same name by which the Zimbabwean liberation struggle is known. This music is replete with traditional influences, as is reggae; Chimurenga’s lyrics are also preoccupied with the struggle for human rights, freedom and dignity. Solely the veiled, idiomatic nature of the lyrics (which speak of “poisonous snakes” rather than oppressive regimes) saved him from being imprisoned during Zimbabwe’s struggle for liberation...
...being a rock and roll star. As his social awareness grew—and the country moved towards civil war in its struggle for freedom—he became more interested in local music, eventually synthesizing his two interests into a new, entirely Zimbabwean sound that was called Chimurenga music after the historic name of the liberation struggle. This music uses traditional elements, but transposes them onto more Western instruments; thus the rolling 6/8 rhythms of the mbira, or thumb piano, become arpeggiated guitar patterns, and the high-pitched shakers are replaced with energetic high-hat work. Mapfumo?...