Word: charting
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Since then, as the gross national product has grown from $10 billion to $430 billion, prices have increased at a modest rate -an average of 2⅓% a year (see chart-). From 1897 to just before World War I, the average rate of increase each year was 2½% as the nation went through a period of peacetime prosperity. Yet from 1951 to 1956, when the gross national product bounded from $329 billion to $414.7 billion, wholesale prices increased only 1½% over the whole period, a remarkable stability indicating that "normal" inflation need not run away with prosperity...
...among other things stirring up a futile, irrelevant dispute over whether space is a "civilian" or "military" realm. Reflecting this dispute, U.S. space programs are split between two bureaucratic domains: the Defense Department's Advanced Research Projects Agency and the civilian-bossed National Aeronautics and Space Administration (see chart). On paper the division is clear and logical: ARPA, headed by sometime General Electric Executive Roy Johnson, oversees military projects (the Discoverer eye-in-the-sky program, a 1,000,000-lb.-thrust multi-chamber rocket engine); NASA, under Engineer T. Keith Glennan, oversees civilian projects (Project Mercury...
Solar Orbit. The earth and moon, whirling around each other, are not alone in space. They also orbit around the sun, and so do the other planets. A gravity chart of the solar system shows an enormously deep pit, the sun's, with much smaller pits in its slope, one for each planet. When a spaceship has climbed out of the earth's gravitational pit, it is still deep in the sun's pit. This does not mean that it will fall into the sun. Besides the comparatively small speed contributed by its own engine, it also...
...voyage to Mars the space navigator takes his departure from earth in the same direction that the earth is moving around its orbit (see chart). His ship must have a speed of only 870 m.p.h. over escape velocity. The excess speed is added to the earth's orbital speed (66,600 m.p.h.) that the spaceship had before it was launched. This is enough to offset the sun's gravitational pull, allows the ship to swing outward in an ellipse. If the timing is right, it makes a rendezvous with Mars on its orbit...
...recession, U.S. prices rose only 1½% for four quarters; in that time both constant-dollar and current-dollar G.N.P. climbed sharply. For the next eight quarters, from mid-1955 to mid-1957, prices jumped around 6%; in that time the constant-dollar G.N.P. leveled off (see chart). The economy was barely expanding at all, though the current-dollar G.N.P. soared to a new high. When the downturn came in mid-1957, prices went on rising. Result: the current-dollar G.N.P. fell off only 4½%, the constantdollar G.N.P. 5½%. Since the upturn in mid-1958, Commerce said, recovery...