Word: calcium
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...reaching effects of the disease as well as possible therapeutic targets. Astrocytes are star-shaped cells that make up almost half the volume of the brain, and were traditionally thought to be support cells. It is now known that they can transmit signals through transient increases in calcium levels. “Astrocytes are often thought to play second fiddle to neurons but they play an ever increasing role in maintenance of the brain,” said Brian J. Bacskai, an associate professor of neurology at Harvard Medical School and one of the authors of the study. The researchers...
...days, it also contains fewer nutrients - at least according to Donald R. Davis, a former research associate with the Biochemical Institute at the University of Texas, Austin. Davis claims the average vegetable found in today's supermarket is anywhere from 5% to 40% lower in minerals (including magnesium, iron, calcium and zinc) than those harvested just 50 years ago. (Read about Americans' Incredible, Edible Front Lawns...
...playing sports with concussion symptoms so risky? During a concussion, arteries constrict, slowing blood flow to the brain. At the same time, calcium floods the energy-producing portions of brain cells. That calcium plays a mean defense, blocking oxygen- and glucose-rich blood from replenishing neurons' energy supply. Brain cells get sluggish, and a concussed athlete who can't focus or suffers from slower reaction times is left more susceptible to a slew of other injuries, including another concussion. A second blow to the head could lead to more arterial constriction and more calcium infusions. "Concussion produces an energy crisis...
...level of our carbon output are inextricably tied together. As carbon levels in the atmosphere increase, the world’s ocean water becomes more acidic. These more acidic waters have a direct, detrimental effect on coral growth. Moreover, acidic waters reduce the survival of animals with calcium-carbonate shells or skeletons, like krill. The killing off of animals that occupy a low level in the marine food chain undermines the chain and can destabilize entire oceanic ecosystems. In the end, these atmospheric changes from greenhouse gases have the potential to be catastrophic for the same fragile reef systems that...
...University of Chicago team documented for the first time exactly how much of a risk shortened shut-eye can be - one hour less on average each night can increase coronary calcium by 16%. Among a group of 495 men and women aged 35 to 47, 27% of those getting less than five hours of sleep each night showed plaque in their heart vessels, while 11% of those sleeping the recommended five to seven hours did, and only 6% of subjects sleeping more than seven hours each night showed such atherosclerosis. "We were surprised by the findings," says Diane Lauderdale...