Word: archipelago
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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PIERRE Louis MARIE CHANEL (1803-41), a French missionary who was sent to the South Sea island of Futuna in the Tonga archipelago, where he was axed to death after three years, at the age of 38. Though he had achieved no marked success in converting the natives, the entire island, moved by his martyrdom, became Roman Catholic within three years of his death...
...also made a striking political concession to Japan, at a time when this sensitive country, whose big industry holds Asia's balance of power, is worried about its economic future and is being sedulously wooed by Russia and Communist China. The return of the Amami Oshima archipelago to Japanese rule, after eight years of U.S. occupation, removes a major source of Japanese irritation with the U.S., and puts some uncomfortable pressure on the Russians to do likewise with the extensive Japanese real estate (e.g., the Kuril Islands) they hold in the north...
Tonga, England soon learned, is an archipelago of probably 200 islands about 1,400 miles south of the equator. Captain Cook called there in 1773, named them the Friendly Islands, and presented the Tongans with a tortoise, which is still alive. Methodist missionaries arrived in 1822 and converted the king to Christianity. Queen Salote's father voluntarily accepted British protection in 1900. Tonga is the only remaining independent monarchy in the Pacific. It has its own parliament, cabinet, privy council, passports, stamps, currency, laws and language, and is the only self-governing kingdom within the British Commonwealth...
...sheep-ox). Also, it has no musk sacs. It gives tasty milk, produces one of the softest wools known to man, and yields meat (though only if killed) which tastes like a combination of mutton and beef. Teal plans to lead an expedition to Ellesmere Island in the Canadian archipelago next autumn (when this year's crop of musk-ox calves will have reached the size of police dogs), snatch eight of the small fry from their mothers, and bring them back to his Vermont farm...
Bahrein, just 100 minutes by plane across the Persian Gulf from Kuwait, epitomizes the progress that can be made when a sheikdom has a good ruler, a devoted foreign adviser, and enough oil royalties to work with. The five-island archipelago produces only one-thirtieth of Saudi Arabia's crude, has one-fortieth of Iraq's proven reserves, earns but a fiftieth of Kuwait's royalties. Yet Bahrein (rhyme with ah, rain) is the showplace of the oil kingdoms. Manama, the capital, looks more like a clean town in the West Indies or Bermuda than an Arab...