Word: archbishop
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Though the war was brief, casualties on both sides were high. During the Athens-inspired coup that deposed Archbishop Makarios III as President of the island republic two weeks ago, perhaps three dozen people were killed. The dead were not even all buried, much less counted, when the Turkish invasion began. In the first day of fighting between Turks and Greeks, at least 150 were killed in the capital of Nicosia alone...
Later, during a 70-minute pipe-puffing press conference, Clerides fielded questions in flawless English and turned vague on only one essential subject. Makarios, the constitutional President, was welcome back, but Clerides added that the archbishop's immediate return "would be very unwise under the present conditions." When Makarios does return, or perhaps even before, Clerides said, the presidency would be "a question for the people of Cyprus to decide." He promised a quick election to facilitate their decision...
Sampson, in his single public appearance as President before the Turkish invasion, met foreign newsmen in Nicosia to charge Makarios with torturing Cypriots and display some of the archbishop's weapons and "victims...
...State Department, it was privately described as one of "constructive ambiguity" by some who had been left in the capital to implement it. While not embracing the new President, the U.S. dropped the ousted Makarios by pointedly calling him only "archbishop" rather than "President." To critics, that appeared to be an unseemly speedy desertion of a legitimate head of state...
This amiable state broke down after World War II. Archbishop Makarios, then the religious leader of the island's Greeks, along with the legendary Greek General George Grivas, fostered a guerrilla force known as EOKA (an acronym from the Greek words for National Organization of Cypriot Fighters). They wanted to free Cyprus from British rule and achieve enosis-unification with Greece...