Word: apparatus
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South Africa is hardly known for its enlightened human rights policies, but it does like to pride itself on having a free press. In fact, journalists in that country live in the shadow of an iron-fisted state security apparatus that is armed with more than 100 separate laws governing what can and cannot be published. Last week that shadow lengthened when the state closed down the country's two leading black newspapers, the Post (Transvaal), which has a circulation of 113,932, and the Sunday Post (circ. 124,000). Published by the white-owned Argus...
...achievement. That accomplishment is now undergoing a painful reassessment. No one is proposing to dismantle the welfare state. But throughout Western Europe there is a growing realization that what once seemed a virtually limitless bounty has reached very real limits. Pressure is mounting to prune and reform the whole apparatus of welfare and redefine its purpose. The public mood behind it all is not unlike the surge of conservatism in the U.S. that helped sweep Ronald Reagan to the presidency...
...present levels, the welfare apparatus has simply become too expensive for most governments-and their taxpayers. Across the Continent, social security systems are grappling with fiscal crisis, in part because ponderous, costly bureaucracies have mushroomed to administer a vast array of programs that sometimes neglect the essential to serve up what is merely desirable. In Britain and France, rent subsidies have done little to alleviate chronic housing shortages and overcrowding. In The Netherlands, disability plans have been abused by unemployed workers making false claims to receive higher benefits. Generous sick-leave payments in Sweden are blamed for a debilitating rise...
...Staff's Function: The objective in restructuring the NSC is to make it more effective and to give the nation a better policy[-making apparatus]. That does not mean that the NSC will be less substantive. It means that the NSC will be less prone to squabbling with other parts of the Government...
...union negotiated by ultimatum: either give us what we want or we will strike. But the rank and file became more cautious late last month after the Warsaw local threatened a general strike over a series of political demands, some of which were aimed at the state security apparatus, the bedrock of Communist authority. Said Walesa then: "Let us not forget that tanks and rockets could also be the reply." On Dec. 5, Solidarity declared a six-week moratorium on strikes. It also toned down its rhetoric. When the government suspended screenings of Workers 80, a film about the strikes...