Word: alloying
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Dates: during 1940-1940
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Basic reasons: new alloy steels, vast technical advancement in construction and bridge theory (John Roebling did not even know the theory when he built his World Wonder). A big factor in modern bridge masterpieces is one Engineer John Roebling never heard about: the professional bridge designer and architect. To him must go substantial credit for creating modern bridges which begin to approach in delicate, aerial appearance what bridges have always stood for in men's imagination...
...Bureau of Mines held up pieces of steel and brass, dropped them on the floor. They clanged. Mr. Dean then dropped a piece of another metal. There was a faint thump. This "noiseless" metal, as strong and elastic as mild steel, is a heat-treated alloy of copper and manganese. "This," said Metallurgist Dean, "opens up many new possibilities-chatterless spring suspensions, noiseless gears, a muffler for a whole host of bothersome industrial sounds...
...months ago the Fruehauf brothers got the job of national distributor for the stainless steel trailers of Budd Manufacturing Co., gave an initial order for 10,000 stainless steel semitrailer body sets. On the market and doing nicely is Fruehauf's new light-weight Aerovan (of aluminum alloy) which, carrying a ten-ton payload, weighs three-quarters of a ton less than Fruehauf's equivalent steel model of last year. One growing reason for reducing trailer weights: many a local highway regulation restricts them...
...tightening of the Allied blockade which proved so grim for Scandinavia, also stirred the Balkans. German shells and bombs are made from Swedish steel, but airplanes are built of duralumin, a copper alloy of aluminum, which is extracted from bauxite. Since the war began Germany has been dependent for bauxite almost entirely on Hungary and Yugo slavia, which produce 22% of the world tonnage...
...Metallographer Oscar Edward Harder of Battelle Memorial Institute (Columbus, Ohio), working with Inland Steel Co.'s research staff, has developed a lead-steel alloy (one part of lead to 500 parts of steel) which is just as strong as leadless steel, but can be machined 30% to 50% faster for mass-production parts. The soft, tiny particles of lead in the alloy serve to lubricate the point where the tool cuts; the tool stays sharp longer, the machine runs faster...