Word: accessible
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Crises elsewhere may flourish and then fade, but West Berlin persists as the West's perennial and most exposed pressure point. Isolated 110 miles inside hostile East Germany, militarily indefensible and dependent for econom ic survival on easily sundered access routes, it is the place where the cold war began 21 years ago-and where the Communists refuse to let it die. Last week Berlin was once again the center of an incipient crisis. By a sudden decree, the East German regime of Stalinist Walter Ulbricht barred a large number of West German legislators and all military personnel from...
...action was largely symbolic, since the travelers could fly to West Berlin on Allied civilian airliners, which are not subject to East German control. But the ban was yet another cut at one of West Berlin's most vital assets, its free access-one that the Communists have been whittling away since last March. War of Nerves. Even more important, the East German move touched on the very status of West Berlin. West Germany has always maintained that West Berlin is a part of the Federal Republic, though, of course, under special Allied control. As symbolic support for that...
...city-and perhaps even for sending MIGs to buzz civilian airliners in the air corridors, as the Soviets did in 1965. Those fears were reinforced by Allied intelligence reports that the Soviets and East Germans had begun to move troops into the vicinity of West Berlin's land access routes...
President's Signal. Faced with the Communist threat, the Western Allies firmly reminded the Soviet Union that they hold the Russians responsible for maintaining free access to West Berlin. After talks in Bonn with Chancellor Kurt Kiesinger, British Prime Minister Harold Wilson jetted to West Berlin for a seven-hour visit. "We shall continue -you can count on this-to do all that is in our power to ensure that your freedom is preserved," he said on television. Berliners were pleased and somewhat reassured. But they were even more pleased by the prospect of next week's visit...
...borders convinced him. As a result, Nazi infantry and panzer divisions smashed to the outskirts of Leningrad. The unprepared, disorganized Russians sustained unimaginable losses; 28 of their front-line divisions were obliterated. By the time the Germans were finally stopped, the city was surrounded. Its only open access lay to the northeast, across Lake Ladoga, toward Finland...