Word: squamous
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...exposure to ultraviolet rays from the sun. Some 27,600 of those cases will be malignant melanoma, the deadliest type, which has been increasing 7% annually over the past decade and will kill 6,300 people this year. Most of the other skin cancers will be basal-cell and squamous-cell carcinomas, less lethal but still dangerous if not treated in time. Some 2,500 victims of these cancers (mostly squamous cell) will die this year, and most of the others will undergo surgery, generally minor but occasionally disfiguring...
...layer, which blocks much of the sun's ultraviolet radiation, is contributing to the rise in skin cancer. While there is little evidence to support this notion, scientists agree that in the long run a diminished ozone layer will cause trouble. "Decreased ozone will increase numbers of basal- and squamous-cell carcinomas," says Dr. Stanford Lamberg, a Johns Hopkins dermatologist. "There is no question about that...
...skin's dynamic outer layer, or epidermis, serves as the staging ground for all three of the major skin cancers. Both basal-cell and squamous-cell carcinomas arise from the most common skin cells, the keratinocytes, which form at the base of the epidermis and work their way toward the surface. Near the base, they are plump and are called basal cells. But as they move outward, they flatten to become the squamous cells that form the skin's tough, protective surface. Melanomas spring from melanocytes, cells that produce pigment...
...long-term exposure to the sun, especially between 10 a.m. and 3 p.m., weakens the skin's elasticity and brings on premature wrinkling and sagging. Of greater concern, it causes as many as half a million new cases of skin cancer every year. Most of these are basal or squamous cell carcinomas, which have high cure rates. But solar radiation may be a cause of melanoma, which can be fatal. Ultraviolet light apparently weakens the immune system; after a severe sunburn, some people suffer outbreaks of oral herpes or other disorders. Excessive exposure aggravates cases of chicken...
...curable form of cancer in the U.S. Nancy Reagan was one of 400,000 Americans treated for this disease last year; she has more recently had several spots of keratosis removed from her face to prevent a recurrence. Skin cancers that appear elsewhere on the body are usually squamous-cell carcinoma, also easily cured by surgery...