Word: somaliland
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...Somalis were talking ambitiously of redrawing the borders imposed by the white men to reunite their fellow tribesmen. Over the years, as their own land eroded, Somalis have settled thickly in the fertile regions of northern Kenya and eastern Ethiopia. Besides these areas, Greater Somalia would also include French Somaliland and its deep-water port of Djibouti. But however desirable from the Somali point of view, the plan was not likely to make for cordial relations with Somalia's neighbors...
With much more of the air of a hastily arranged divorce, Britain last week agreed to turn loose British Somaliland as of July 1 so that it can unite with Somalia, the Italian-administered U.N. trusteeship territory which will achieve independence or the same date. Inhabited chiefly by goats and sheep, and with no major mineral resources, Somaliland is economically almost worthless and politically one of the most backward of all British territories. Local self-government was not attempted before 1953; in its first voting last year for 13 elective seats, authorities in one district could not find any tribesman...
Time to Swallow. Most volatile issue in Ethiopia today, however, is not economics but relations with the neighboring Somalilands (TIME, Sept. 14). In the rise of a Pan-Somalia movement among the tribes of French, British and Italian Somaliland, the Ethiopians fancy they discern the bogeyman of British and Italian imperialism. This, plus Italian Somali-land's decision to demand a U.N.-supervised referendum in Somali grazing lands inside the borders of Ethiopia, constitute one of the chief sources of Haile Selassie's growing suspicion of the West. With an age-old fear of Moslem encirclement, the Ethiopians...
...Italian government has been providing half Somalia's income. There was also the difficulty that, though camels are Somalia's chief source of wealth, much of the Somali nomads' grazing lands lie over the border in Ethiopia. To the frustrated disgust of Somali nationalists, moreover, French Somaliland voted last year to stay in the French Community, and the French, determined to hang onto their profitable Djibouti rail line to the interior, have made common cause with the Ethiopians against the dream of an independent Greater Somalia made up of all the territories occupied by Somali tribes. Last...
...arrived back in Mogadiscio from four years' self-imposed exile as one of Nasser's Cairo broadcasters. Almost at once Haji Mohammed formed a Greater Somali League to rival Issa's Somali Youth League, and charged that Issa favored a Little Somalia, confined to Italian Somaliland, because he feared his Hawiya tribe would be swamped in a state that brought 3,000,000 Somalis together. On the eve of showdown elections last spring, Haji Mohammed was refused permission to lead a parade of his partisans in Mogadiscio. "The blood is on the government's head...